Romans 11

(1)  I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.
(2)  God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel, saying,
(3)  Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.
(4)  But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal.
(5)  Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.
(6)  And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. But if it be of works, then is it no more grace: otherwise work is no more work.
(7)  What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded
(8)  (According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear;) unto this day.
(9)  And David saith, Let their table be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumblingblock, and a recompence unto them:
(10)  Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway.
(11)  I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy.
(12)  Now if the fall of them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness?
(13)  For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office:
(14)  If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them.
(15)  For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead?
(16)  For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches.
(17)  And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a wild olive tree, wert graffed in among them, and with them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive tree;
(18)  Boast not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee.
(19)  Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be graffed in.
(20)  Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear:
(21)  For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee.
(22)  Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them which fell, severity; but toward thee, goodness, if thou continue in his goodness: otherwise thou also shalt be cut off.
(23)  And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be graffed in: for God is able to graff them in again.
(24)  For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert graffed contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural branches, be graffed into their own olive tree?
(25)  For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.
(26)  And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob:
(27)  For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.
(28)  As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the fathers' sakes.
(29)  For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.
(30)  For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained mercy through their unbelief:
(31)  Even so have these also now not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain mercy.
(32)  For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all.
(33)  O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out!
(34)  For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor?
(35)  Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again?
(36)  For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen.

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Study Questions

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1. How does Paul answer the question about whether God has totally cast-off Israel? Verse 1.

2. What three illustrations does Paul offer to show that God has not rejected his people? Verses 2-5.

3. Can works blot out sins already committed? Under what circumstances would someone merit justification and need no grace? Verse 6.

4. What did Israel seek for and not obtain? Who was responsible for their will being hardened and their understanding dulled? Verses 7-8.

5. How was “their table,” that is, their law - their spiritual food, a snare and a trap? Verses 9-10.

6. Which view do you think fits better:
(1) that the spread of the gospel made the Jews jealous of the great blessings of the gospel; or
(2) it was jealousy for Judaism? Verse 11.

7. Does “fullness” refer to a return of the Jews to favor with God or to their full and complete destruction as a nation? Verse 12.

8. What is Paul’s desire in provoking the Jews to jealousy? Verses 13-14.

9. How did the “casting away” of the Jews reconcile the world? How would the receiving of them be “life from the dead”? Verse 15.

10. What was the “first-fruit” that made the whole Jewish nation acceptable to God on the terms of the gospel? Verse 16.

11. Who is represented by the wild olive tree and why should they not glory over the broken off branches? Verses 17-18.

12. Why were the natural branches broken off and why should Gentile Christians fear? Verses 19-21.

13. How and why was God’s severity shown toward the Jews and on what terms would his goodness continue to be shown to the Gentiles? Verse 22.

14. What was the only hope of the Jews to return to God’s favor? Verse 23.

15. If a branch of a wild olive tree would be improved into a good olive tree (God’s favor), why wouldn’t the same be true of a natural branch? Verse 24.

16. What do you think of the view that the fullness of the Gentiles refers to an almost entirely Gentile membership in the church when hardness among the Jews becomes complete? Verse 25.

17. If “so” means “in this way or manner,” under what circumstances would Israel be saved? Verse 26.

18. Who is the Deliverer, or Redeemer, that would fulfill the covenant, quoted from Isaiah 59:20, and who would “take away” the sins of Jacob (the Jews)? Verse 27.

19. Why were the Jews enemies of the Gentiles concerning the gospel? Verse 28.

20. What were the gifts and calling of God for which God was not sorry or repentant? Verse 29.

21. What caused Paul and others to turn to the Gentiles who had been disobedient, providing mercy? Verse 30.

22. What gave disobedient Jews hope that they might also obtain mercy? Verse 31.

23. What premise, stated previously in Romans 3:9, is now re-stated here? Verse 32.

24. What is the purpose of these verses? Verses 33-36.